125, No. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. In the conclusion can be sad that the Romanian version achieved its aim; that of creating a contemporary and updated translation, especially in terms of language and language use. One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. Afterwards, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. The writer of the novelThe Cather in the Ray also used another interjection such as Yeah? J. D. Salinger used a lot of stylistic device which made the content of the novel more exiting. Textual (syntagmatic) equivalence, where there is equivalence of the syntagmatic structuring of a text, i.e. In general, the main characters are usually misfits of society: they dont like their way of life; they use to start with their stories telling us their bad conditions, their problems with the society and life in general. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. cookie policy. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels. According to most analyses, The Catcher in the Rye is a bildungsroman, a novel about a young character's growth into maturity. If the two senses of the same word do not seem to fit, yet seem related, then it is likely that they are polysemous. Stuff (cloth), a type of cloth or fabric used to fill pillows and other items, Stuffing, a substance which is often placed in cavities of food items, Stuffed or preserved animals, created through the art of taxidermy. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. Just think of what could happen in cases of serious inadequacy in knowledge areas such as science, medicine, legal matters, or technology. Practically, even identical words in different languages are not always equal in their meaning, they never correspond completely. It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. the catcher in the rye study guide sparknotes web the catcher in the rye is j d salinger s 1951 novel of post war alienation told by angst ridden teen holden caulfield controversial at the time of publication for its frank language it was an instant best Salinger portrays how Holden in Catcher in the Rye changes to a different man when he is at the water fountain in Central Park, as the case in Mark Twains Huckleberry Finn in which Huck changes when he is on the Mississippi River. There are many thorns that can mortify us during the translation process, whatever the nature of the text we face, and translators should be aware of them. Ill just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy. But it can also be said that a more diversified way of translating the same linguistic structures may indicate a better adaptation to the TL, although the psychological effect on the readers of Holdens linguistic repetitions is not as strong as in the ST. The symbol of isolation lies in the hat that Holden wears while he is writing. The general conclusion that can be drawn is that there cannot be a perfect translation, but there can be made efforts to try to find the best version of rendering a text from the SL into the TL. It was tried to achieve this aim by centering on the case study of comparing and analyzing in detail the differences and similarities, the gains and the losses that have occurred both in the English and in the Romanian versions. Then I got the hell out. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. For identification of the translation difficulties and all the types that are presented in the novel are taken two parts of Salingers The Catcher in the Rye one in English and one in Romanian for better understanding of the basic elements of the investigation. Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. Some critics scolded the novel as being too pessimistic or obscene, too harsh for the society of the 1950's. about, []. Another very important conclusion reached is that translations and retranslations are countrys literary system. Besides, a short, compared with the noun predicate can not bear the emphatic sense of a large group of nouns. One of the main problem or difficulty in translation- is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or . As there are no equivalent expressions in the target language, the nuances of this kind taken from the whole novel are lost in Romanian translation. But in real-world relationships, people talk back, and Phoebe reveals how different her childhood is from Holden's romanticized notion. This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. This first type of difficulty is the task of distinguishing between a use of a word as a specialized term and its use as a word of general vocabulary. The first chapter of this study shall define the notion of Translation difficulties and present the representatives of the Modern period and some critics about one of the representative of this period which is J. In order to achieve the main goal and to study these important features of this theme the following specific objectives must be considered. Little things, such as his interest with the ducks in central park and the glass cases in the museum were not just put in to the story to fill pages, it has meaning behind it. In the book there are many examples of the theme of the painfulness of growing up in the book. To accomplish this matter we are going to focus our attention on several points that are important elements of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties and that reflect in an accurate way the main meanig of the writing and more specifically. Holden is scared of growing up, and also scared of the unknown. Salinger's language, especially his energetic, realistically sparse dialogue, was revolutionary at the time his first stories were published, and was seen by several critics as "the most distinguishing thing" about his work .Salinger identified closely with his characters, and used techniques such as interior monologue, letters, and extended telephone calls to display his gift for dialogue. If we talk about the language at Catcher in the Rye, we can say that the author uses a simple writing, with several interjections and qualifier adjectives; the tone of this novel is colloquial and full of teenagers expressions (it is written in a monologue and in lively slang; its also important the chronolect). Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. ), and "cultural untranslatability," (idioms, sayings, proverbs, jokes, puns, etc.). The writings of the Salinger become very important for this time period, because he goes against the grain of society to show how it is wrong. His creative work could appear only in our days. Though he continues to complain about Ackley, the sympathy he feels for his next-door neighbor is evident when he convinces Mal Brossard to let Ackley join them at the movies. This novel revolutionised the society of the Fifties; as well as the style of J.D. They have the same attitude towards other people and they think the same way, too. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only. Mothers are all slightly insane(Salinger 176), this shows Holdens belief that all adults are in one way or another phony. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye burlesque examples in catcher in the rye What are some of the things Holden tells Stradlater about her? Lexical cohesion is a relation that exists between or among specific elements of different sentences in a text and is achieved through the vocabulary. He fought in war. Holden does not understand why Allie who was much smarter than him died. The presence of the hat, therefore, mirrors the central conflict in the book: Holden's need for isolation versus his need for companionship. Holden believes that every adult is phony and his goal to keep everyone from growing up and becoming phony. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). Of the writers in Salinger's generation, Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist John Updike attested that "the short stories of J. D. Salinger really opened my eyes as to how you can weave fiction out of a set of events that seem almost unconnected, or very lightly connected. Yates describes Salinger as "a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word." Raised in Manhattan, New York, Salinger began writing short stories while in secondary school, and published several stories in the early 1940s before serving in World War II. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. Most often is the correspondence of first lexical-semantic variants of such words their primary meaning then we have various lexical-semantic variants for the course of development of these words was of different nature. What does this reveal about Holden? It is suggested to be drastic with text omissions, but it was found as an important feature to point out to the students all the positive aspects of meaning of her/his translation. Afterward, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? However, our English teacher was a belligerent person who claimed to know the 'mind of the writer' and claimed to have know him . It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. Language metaphors are stock metaphors. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; Breit, Harvey. More books than SparkNotes. Very often these grammatical changes are mixed so that they have lexical-grammatical character. Nobodyd move. Holden dated her until her father made them stop seeing each other. Stuff, in reference to one's privates. Mr. Antolini guesses that Holden feels disconnected from his environment, and, as we have already seen, his assessment is accurate. Lying and deception are the most obvious and hurtful elements of the larger category of phoniness. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. This, the passage in which Holden reveals the source of the book's title, is perhaps the most famous in the book. can i write about composition?? The state of one's endowment. In English, gradation is based on rhythmical sequence; in Romanian, this device is logic-centered: the word, most important logically, is positioned in the end of the sequence. aldi chip shop curry sauce; 890 mountain home rd, woodside, ca 94062 owner; utica . In this chapter also would be tried to present and analyze certain passages from the Romanian versions of The Catcher in order to draw attention to certain problems that may occur in translation, especially when different cultures are involved. There are three types of characters speech that could be used in writing and these types are: J. D. Salinger in his novel used all these three types of characters speech in his work The Cather in the Ray. Without a doubt, J.D. One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Stylistic device that was used in the novel The Cather in the Ray written by J. D. Salinger is peculiar use of set expression which was used in the form of quotations the quotation could be easily identify in some chapters of the novel. The first point that would be discussed in this thesis is Lexical peculiarities which are one of the main characteristic of the defining the main features of the text. Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language the source- and in the other language-the target. ; Young goats, their meat, or leather made from their hides. Such statements may help us understand why the person committed the crime, however an uncritical listener may believe the speaker is trying to gain sympathy for the person and his or her actions. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. Holdens jargon is very important, because it emphasizes how this teenager was, how he talked We can see that Salinger has the tendency to use the second person pronoun you and the irony Its easy to see Holdens thoughts: the author reproduces the teenagers mind quite well. As far as idioms and phraseological units are concerned in translation, the first difficulty that a translator comes across is being able to recognize that s/he is dealing with an idiomatic expression. He feels guilty that he, who lives because he is not sick like Allie was, is inferior and stupid. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. D .Salinger: 11) in order to point out the thoughts of another characters about Holden for pointing out that Holden wasnt a good character for another characters. So they gave up looking.. Romanian translation used either obsolete or dialectal / regional words and expressions (or both) through out the novel and this can point out an obvious difference of language use between generations. Identical stylistic devices are used differently in languages; they perform different functions and have different value in stylistic system of their language what actually explains their necessity when transformations in translation occur. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? flight weather turbulence forecast; best suv to lease under $500 a month; angels have paws grooming tallahassee; why is ruby red squirt discontinued. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 What is Holden's view of women and girls in The Catcher in the Rye? We often deal with paraphrasing when trying to explain or define things. Anyway, Holden responds by doing a tap dance like you see in the movies, which he hates but gets a bang (his words) out of imitating. assignments. Analysis of the translation into Romanian of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, which represents my major contribution to this research paper it was focused on presenting the Romanian versions of Salingers novel in order to find the main translation difficulties translation as well as its impact on Romanian readership. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. Salinger is one of the best twentieth-century America authors. Each language can form uncountable number new word combinations that will be understood by its bearers. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Stradlater insists, however, that Holden not write it too well, for the teacher knows that Holden is a hot-shot in English. Last but not the least is the accepted usage of words in a language. As he finishes the essay, Holden can hear Ackley snoring and comments that one has to feel sorry for Ackley when one considers all the problems he has.". The Romanian version always uses euphemisms and euphemistic formulations when translating SL colloquial expressions (mainly explained by the social, political and cultural constraints from the period of its publication), while the second version uses (almost all the time) the same informal, at times vulgar, linguistic register as the ST, managing at the same time to capture the nuances and subtleties of the original. The only instances that create problems for the translator are the stable, recurrent lexical idioms that for their metaphorical meaning do not rely only on the readers logic at the moment of reading but also, and above all, on the value that such a metaphor has assumed in the history of the language under discussion. number: 206095338, E-mail us: (Salinger 201). (one code per order). He ran a tired hand through his hair.The word tired logically is linked with he, syntactically with hand. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. Why does Holden wear the red hunting hat? In this chapter also will be exemplifies that Salingers fiction followed a chronological evolution, that there has been a well defined process of creating certain typical characters and that his characters evolved from the early prototypes in his short stories to the fully developed characters in his mature works, or even disappeared for good from his literary creations in a few cases. The ducks vanish every winter, but they return every spring, thus symbolizing change that isn't permanent, but cyclical. The terms 'explain' or 'explanation,' et cetera is frequently used in arguments. Holden is very afraid of growing up and is also afraid of the unknown. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. For this reason, the translator plays an important role as a bilingual or multi-lingual cross-cultural transmitter of culture and truths by attempting to interpret concepts and speech in a variety of texts as faithfully and accurately as possible. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. Short Summaries of the Books . of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. This leads to the interpretation that using the same linguistic pattern denotes a more faithful translation. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. There are also expressions that are used in American English only, such as most of the slangy utterances mentioned above.[13]. "Anyway, that's what I wrote Stradlater's composition about. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. Its a symbol of uniqueness and individuality as well. The mitt reminds holden of his brother and is the only thing he can be descriptive about so it is what holden writes Stradlater's report on it. Want 100 or more? The main task of a translator is to remember and take into account all the difficulties of translation and render the authors thought as accurate as possible using different literal devices employed originally by the author. Holdens kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. harmony in order to life, The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. If Fred and Joe address the issue of whether or not Fred's cat has fleas, Joe may state: "Fred, your cat has fleas. Mad about Children." Although the language of the Romanian version is much harsher, stronger and more direct as the original, it is the only way Romanian readers who do not speak English or who did not read the novel in original (depending thus entirely on its translation) can really understand the controversy created around the novel and why so many people censured and banned it. His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. With his other work, we can see what Holden can become or what Salinger has already experienced in the character of Sargent X in "For Esme- With Love and Squalor". Give her to me boy it was used for pointing out to the reader that Stradler with whom Holden discuss was a person that didnt pay attention to the persons beauty. ; his preference for the first person narrative; his attitudes towards sex, war, phony world, materialism and false values; his constant references to music and songs, to the movie industry, to movie stars and to famous movies; his penchant for constantly making references in his literary creations to writers, to literary works and classic characters; his preference for creating stories around the brother-sister relationship, but also around the idea of family and the relationships between family members; his love for children and the innocence they stand for; his multitude of representative names and characters and his preference for dialogue and replies; his tendency to use real and historical data or to introduce in his fiction real. Because people are unpredictable, they challenge Holden and force him to question his senses of self-confidence and self-worth. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. Join the dicussion. Holden decides to write about his dead brother's baseball glove because he is deeply depressed about his death and has not come to terms with his grief over the loss of his brother. In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness among youths that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." Dont have an account? He is scared of the unknown and cannot handle things that are very complicated. By throwing a tantrum. Stylistic (translational) equivalence, where there is `functional equivalence of elements in both original and translation aiming at an expressive identity with an invariant of identical meaning'. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. J.D. Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria: Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. 81) The Ducks in the pond are symbolic in many ways, they prove that some vanishings are only temporary. There are three symbols unparticular that are used most regularly in the novel. There are three types of stylistic devices which were used by the author in The catcher in the Ray: Dictionary and contextual (Metaphors, metonymy, irony etc. In the end, The Catcher in the Rye will continue to be a point of great public and critical debate. The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. . | . This is not possible. What did Holden write a composition about? Every citizen how the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Others, however, nominated Salinger himself as the top-flight "catcher in the rye" for that period in American history. . In The Catcher in the Rye Holdens main purpose was to be free from the suffering. The last type of characters speech is represented speech which also could be called inner speech and that was used in order to described Holdens thoughts and the way in which he thought also this type was used by the author in order to convey to the reader Holdens feelings.